Research consistently reveals new information about how children’s brains develop and how they learn. A strong understanding of these developmental processes is essential for educators, particularly those working with young children.
The Bachelor of Science (B.S.) in Applied Elementary Education online program from Texas State University provides future teachers with the necessary knowledge and skills to create meaningful and impactful learning experiences for students through the sixth grade. Courses like The Languages of Children: Acquisition and Use, Seminar for Teachers of Young Children, and Classroom Management and Teacher-Student Relationships contribute to a greater understanding of child development and its application in the classroom.
The Interconnected Domains of Child Development
The National Association for the Education of Young Children (NAEYC) identifies four basic domains of child development. Each of the following plays an important role in a child’s overall growth:
- Physical development: The growth of the body and the development of motor skills, including gross motor skills (e.g., running, jumping) and fine motor skills (e.g., writing, drawing)
- Cognitive development: The development of thinking, reasoning and problem-solving abilities, including memory, attention and language
- Social and emotional development: This importance of relationships, emotional regulation and social skills, including empathy, cooperation and self-awareness
- Linguistic development: The acquisition and use of language, including vocabulary, grammar and communication skills
These domains are not isolated; they are intricately interconnected. For example, a child’s ability to participate in social interactions is influenced by their linguistic development, and their cognitive development can be affected by their physical health. A holistic approach to education recognizes these connections and supports the development of the whole child.
Factors That Hinder Child Development
New America points to several factors that can negatively impact a child’s development. These can include:
- Poverty: Limited access to nutritious food, quality healthcare and educational resources can hinder a child’s physical, cognitive and social-emotional growth.
- Trauma: Exposure to violence, abuse or neglect can have long-lasting effects on a child’s brain development and emotional well-being.
- Unequal access to effective early education programs: Early childhood education programs provide children with opportunities to develop essential skills and knowledge, and a lack of access to these programs can put children at a disadvantage.
- Limited language exposure: Children who are not exposed to rich language experiences may struggle with language development and academic achievement.
- Unstable home environments: Frequent moves, parental stress and other forms of instability can disrupt a child’s sense of security and hinder their development.
Recognizing these factors is essential for educators, since they may encounter students who have experienced these challenges. Addressing these challenges and altering learning strategies for affected students is essential for their future success.
Enhancing Learning Through Knowledge of Students and Families
Educators can significantly enhance learning experiences by understanding their students and their families. NAEYC suggests the following approaches:
- Building relationships: Establishing positive and respectful relationships with students and their families creates a supportive learning environment.
- Understanding cultural backgrounds: Valuing the diverse cultural backgrounds of students and families promotes inclusivity and respect.
- Communicating effectively: Maintaining open and consistent communication with families allows for collaboration and shared understanding.
- Providing individualized support: Tailoring instruction and support to meet the unique needs of each student enhances their learning outcomes.
- Creating a welcoming classroom: A classroom environment that is safe, stimulating and inclusive promotes engagement and learning.
Teachers who understand the developmental stages of their students, and the factors that influence them, are better prepared to create effective lesson plans, provide appropriate support and build positive relationships. A solid foundation in child development, as provided by a B.S. in Applied Elementary Education, is a major asset for any educator.
Learn more about Texas State University’s online B.S. in Applied Elementary Education program.
